Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
—  Resort City  —

Seal
Location of Myrtle Beach in South Carolina
Coordinates:
Country United States
State South Carolina
County Horry
Government
 - Mayor John Rhodes (R)
Area
 - Resort City 16.8 sq mi (43.5 km2)
 - Land 16.8 sq mi (43.5 km2)
 - Water 12,359,674 sq mi (0.1 km2)
Elevation 26 ft (8 m)
Population (2009)
 - Resort City 31,968
 - Density 1,356.4/sq mi (523.7/km2)
 Metro 299,353
Time zone EST (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP Codes 29572, 29575, 29577, 29578, 29579, 29587, 29588
Area code(s) 843
FIPS code 45-49075[1]
GNIS feature ID 1249770[2]
Website http://www.cityofmyrtlebeach.com/

Myrtle Beach is a coastal resort city in Horry County, South Carolina, United States. It is the de facto hub of both the Myrtle Beach metropolitan area and the Grand Strand, a complex of beach towns and barrier islands stretching from Little River, South Carolina to Georgetown, South Carolina.

Arising from a getaway for lumber workers from Conway, South Carolina, Myrtle Beach has rapidly developed into a major tourist destination in the Southeastern United States in the late 20th century and 2000s. The estimated 2009 population for the city is 31,968.[3] As of 2006, the metro area had an estimated population of 299,353.[4] According to the 2000 census, the area was the 13th fastest-growing metropolitan area in the United States.[5]

Contents

History

Prior to the arrival of Europeans, the Long Bay area was inhabited by the native Waccamaw Tribe. The Waccamaw used the river for travel and fished along the shore around Little River. Waties Island, the primary barrier island along Long Bay, has evidence of burial and shell mounds, remains of the visiting Waccamaw.[6]

The first European settler along Long Bay arrived in the late 18th Century, attempting to extend the plantation system outward towards the ocean.[7] Records are sparse from this period, with most of the recorded history pieced together from old land grants documents.

These settlers were met with mixed results, producing unremarkable quantities of indigo and tobacco as the coast's soil was sandy and most of the crop yields were of an inferior quality.

Prior to the American Revolution, the area along the future Grand Strand was essentially uninhabited. Several families received land grants along the coast, including the Withers: John, Richard, William, and Mary. This family received an area around present-day Wither's Swash, also known as Myrtle Swash or the 8-Mile Swash. A separate grant was granted to James Minor, including a barrier island named Minor Island, now Waties Island, off of the coast near Little River.[8]

Mary Wither's gravestone at Prince George Winyah Episcopal Church speaks to the remoteness of the former Strand: "She gave up the pleasures of Society and retired to Long Bay, where she resided a great part of her life devoted to the welfare of her children."[9]

The F.G. Burroughs steamship

As the American colonies gained independence, the area remained essentially unchanged, and the coast remained barren. George Washington scouted out the Southern states during his term, traveling down the King's Highway. He stayed a night at Windy Hill (part of present day North Myrtle Beach) and was led across Wither's Swash to Georgetown by Jeremiah Vereen.[10]

The Withers family remained one of the few settlers around Myrtle Beach for the next half-century. In 1822, a strong hurricane swept the house of R. F. Withers into the ocean, drowning 18 people inside. The tragedy made the Withers family decide to abandon their plots along the coast.

Left unattended, the area began to return to forest.[11]

On February 28, 1899 Burroughs and Collins, predecessor of modern day Burroughs and Chapin, received their charter to build the Conway & Seashore Railroad to transport timber from the coast to inland customers. The railroad began daily service on May 1, 1900 with two wood-burning locomotives. One of the engines was dubbed The Black Maria and came second-hand from a North Carolina logging operation. A community named "Withers" post office was established at the site of the old Swash.

Original Myrtle Beach Air Force Base during World War II

After the railroad was finished, employees of the lumber and railroad company would take train flatcars down to beach area on their free weekends, becoming the first Grand Strand tourists.[12] The railroad terminus was nicknamed "New Town", contrasting it with the "Old Town", or Conway.

At the turn of the 20th century, Franklin Burroughs envisioned turning New Town into a tourist destination rivaling the Florida and northeastern beaches. Burroughs died in 1897, but his sons completed the railroad's expansion to the beach and opened the Seaside Inn in 1901.[13]

After its original founding, New Town continued to grow until 1957, when it finally incorporated.[14] A contest was held to name the town and Burroughs' wife suggested honoring the locally abundant shrub, the Southern Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera). So the town was named Myrtle Beach.[14]

In 1937, Myrtle Beach Municipal Airport was built, however it was promptly taken over by the United States Army Air Corps in 1940 and converted into a military base. Commercial flights began in 1976 and shared the runway for over 15 years until the air base closed in 1993. Since then the airport has been named Myrtle Beach International Airport. In 2010 plans to build a new terminal were approved.[15] In 1940, Kings Highway was finally paved, giving Myrtle Beach its first primary highway.

Geography

Myrtle Beach is situated largely on a barrier island between the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway on the west and the Atlantic Ocean (Long Bay) on the East. However, building west of the waterway is rapidly increasing.

Land east of the waterway is on a slightly elevated sandbar or dune area. West of the waterway the land is mostly pine forest with a normal high water table, in which developers dredge ponds and use the soil to create elevated areas for better drainage around buildings.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.8 square miles (43.5 km²), of which, 16.76 square miles (43.5 km²) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km²) of it (0.12%) is water.

Myrtle Beach is surrounded by various other towns and beaches, notably Surfside Beach to the south, North Myrtle Beach to the north; and Conway further inland.

Climate

According to Köppen climate classification, Myrtle Beach has a humid subtropical climate. The city experiences mild winters and a hot, sticky, and humid summer. Rainfall is plentiful throughout the whole year, but most concentrated in the summer months. It is not uncommon for everyday in June or July to have at least a 30% chance of rain. These storms usually leave just as quick as they came.

Demographics

Location of the Myrtle Beach-Conway-Georgetown CSA and its components:      Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area      Georgetown Micropolitan Statistical Area

Myrtle Beach is the largest principal city of the Myrtle Beach-Conway-Georgetown CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach metropolitan area (Horry County) and the Georgetown micropolitan area (Georgetown County),[16][17][18] which had a combined population of 273,405 at the 2000 census.[1]

Population

Per the 2000 census [1] there were:

Race

The racial makeup of the city was:

households included children under the age of 18.

Age

Of the total Myrtle Beach population:

Income

Education

College/Post-Secondary

The Myrtle Beach metro area provides following post-secondary schools:

  • Coastal Carolina University
  • Horry-Georgetown Technical College
  • Webster University (branch)
  • NAIA (flight school)
  • Cathedral Bible College [19]

Public Schools

Myrtle Beach is served by a single public school district. Horry County Schools educates over 37,000 students and is the third largest school district in South Carolina.

Private Schools

Myrtle Beach private schools include:

Healthcare

Grand Strand Regional Medical Center is a 219-bed acute care hospital serving residents and visitors of Horry and surrounding counties. The hospital offers the only cardiac surgery program in the area and is also a designated trauma center. Over 250 physicians serve at the facility.[25]

Infrastructure

Air

Rail

Myrtle Beach is served by the Waccamaw Coastline Railroad rail line that runs largely parallel to U.S. Route 501 between Conway and downtown Myrtle Beach. The line is owned by Horry County, but was leased in 2000 to the Carolina Southern Railroad.[26]

Carolina Southern Railroad is a short line rail operator running on less than 100 miles of rail at a maximum speed of 10 mph. It transports mostly freight brought to it from national rail operators. The company makes one scheduled delivery per month into the City of Myrtle Beach.[27]

Roads

SC 31 serves as a by-pass for a majority of the Grand Stand

Within the last decade, new roads have been created to ease congestion caused by the yearly influx of visitors. Most of these roads follow the Metro Loop Road Plan, organized in 1997 to improve the traffic flow of Myrtle Beach. Some of the roads included have either been funded through RIDE I funding or through the City of Myrtle Beach.

RIDE II plans include the third phase of S.C. Highway 31, a graded separation of Farrow Parkway and US 17 Bypass at the back gate of the former Air Force base, and many other projects. The county is currently debating where to allocate the $400 million generated through a proposed 1-cent sales tax. Other road projects in Horry County, including some in Aynor and Conway, will be included when voted upon.

Plans exist for Myrtle Beach to be eventually served by two interstates, Interstate 73 and Interstate 74. The Robert Edge Parkway will connect I-74 to downtown North Myrtle Beach.

Economy

Myrtle Beach's economy is dominated by the tourist industry, with tourism bringing in billions of dollars each year. Hotels, motels, resorts, restaurants, attractions, and retail developments exist in abundance to service visitors.

There are over 250 golf courses in and around Myrtle Beach as the golfing industry represents a significant presence in the area.

Farms that produce tobacco, indigo, watermelons, berries, and other crops contribute minimal amounts of agricultural money into the area's economy.

A manufacturing base produces plastic, rubber, cardboard, foam, and ceramic products usually in small scale.

Tourism

The beach.

Hosting over 14.6 million visitors annually, The Grand Strand is home to an array of tourist attractions, and the area receives a large influx of visitors during all seasons.

The area's attractions include its beaches and many golf courses, as well as a number of amusement parks, an aquarium, retail developments and over 1,900 restaurants[28] including seafood restaurants, and a number of shopping complexes. Myrtle Beach has an estimated 460 hotels, with many on the beachfront, and approximately 89,000 accommodation units in total.[29]

The area also has an IMAX theater, dinner theater, nightclubs, and many tourist shops. Other attractions include the Myrtle Beach State Park and fishing.

Myrtle Beach welcomed Hard Rock Park in 2008. This park is themed after the popular Hard Rock Cafe chain (now called Freestyle Music Park). The park features attractions themed after different genres of music, such as the British Invasion. The park has not yet opened for the 2010 season however, and is currently tied up in legal issues.

The Myrtle Beach Boardwalk opened in 2010 and has been recognized as the nation's #3 boardwalk by National Geographic [30] and one of the best US boardwalks by Travel + Leisure magazine.[31]

Also in the city is Myrtle Waves, one of the largest water parks on the eastern seaboard.

The Carolina Opry is another highly-acclaimed attraction, which features various musical, comedy, dance, and entertainment shows, including The Carolina Opry (variety show), Good Vibrations (best of the 60s, 70s, and 80s), LIGHT—a Laser Extravaganza. During the holiday season, the venue hosts The Carolina Opry Christmas Special.[32] It is currently housed in a 2,200 seat theater.

Myrtle Beach hosts a variety of special conventions, events, and musical concerts.

The Myrtle Beach Convention Center is a large facility that hosts an array of different meetings, conferences, exhibits, and special events every year. The expansive center, which opened in 2003, also features a Sheraton hotel and resort.

Each March since 1951 during Ontario's spring break, Myrtle Beach has hosted Canadian-American Days, also known as Can-Am Days. Tens of thousands tourists flock to the area for a week's worth of special events.[33]

With numerous professional fireworks displays along the oceanfront, Myrtle Beach is recognized among the top destinations for Fourth of July travel. Priceline.com ranked Myrtle Beach among its top 20 destinations for 4 July in 2010.[34]

It is notable that gambling is not legal in South Carolina. However, Myrtle Beach residents and visitors have access to gambling by boat, which transports passengers into international waters beyond the reach of federal and state gambling laws.

Motorcycle rallies

Myrtle Beach Bike Week, also called "Harley Bike Week" is a week-long motorcycle rally that started in 1940 and attracted as many as 200,000 visitors to the city every May. Black Bike Week, founded in 1980, takes place the weekend around Memorial Day Weekend and is the largest African American motorcycle rally in the US and attracts as many as 400,000 visitors. The event was created in response to a history of discrimination against African-American visitors and riders to Myrtle Beach and the Grand Strand Area.[35][35][36][36][37]

The Myrtle Beach government created 15 new laws aimed at preventing all sanctioned motorcycle events within the city in response to controversy including accusations of racism by African-American riders during their event and complaints of lawlessness and poor behavior during all highly attended events. Several lawsuits by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) against Myrtle Beach businesses were settled with agreements that discrimination cease, compensation be given to some plaintiffs, and employees be given diversity training.[35][36][38][39] The NAACP suit against the City of Myrtle Beach was settled in 2006 without the city paying damages, but with the agreement police would use the same traffic control rules during both the black and the white motorcycle rallies.[40]

The South Carolina Supreme Court in June 2010 unanimously overturned one of the 15 ordinances, which had required all motorcyclists to wear helmets, on the grounds that the state law, requiring helmets only for riders under age 21, cannot be preempted by a city ordinance. In addition, the Court ruled, the ordinance created undue confusion, and that the city itself had invalidated their own helmet law and some other ordinances in a subsequent amendment.[41][42] The law had been challenged by a group of motorcyclists and a group of Myrtle Beach businesses called BOOST, Business Owners Organized to Support Tourism, who opposed the city's anti-motorcycle tourism policy.[41][43][44][45]

Shopping

Myrtle Beach has many different stores and malls, is one of the largest shopping areas in the Southeastern United States, and is the largest shopping destination in South Carolina.

Sports

Myrtle Beach is home to the Myrtle Beach Pelicans, a Carolina League baseball team and Atlanta Braves farm franchise.

BB&T Coastal Field is the home field of the Myrtle Beach Pelicans and is located just off Highway 17 in Myrtle Beach. It opened in 1999 and seats 6,500 people. It is the finish point of the Bi-Lo Myrtle Beach Marathon, an athletics event held in February of each year.

BB&T Coastal Field is also home of the annual "Baseball At The Beach" collegiate baseball tournament. Hosted by Coastal Carolina University each year, the tournament pits participating NCAA Division I baseball programs in the United States.

From 1998-2009, the area hosted the Bi-Lo Myrtle Beach Marathon, every February featuring a Friday night 5K and a Saturday half-marathon, marathon, and relay. Marathon day draws the limit of 6,000 runners annually (2,500 full, 3,500 half) and results usually in an unusual dawn as the race starts before dawn (6:30 AM) in order to finish by 2:30 PM. The event was not held in 2010 because of weather, but is expected to resume in 2011.

NASCAR-sanctioned Stock car racing is held at Myrtle Beach Speedway, a .538 mile, semi-banked, asphalt-paved oval track located on US 501. Drivers in the Late Model classes will compete (against those of Greenville-Pickens Speedway) for the South Carolina Championship in the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series. South Carolina Champions' scores will be calculated against other state and provincial champions for a continental championship.

Golf

The area is home to numerous golf courses and mini-golf courses along the Grand Strand and further inland. Myrtle Beach has been called the "Golf Capital of the World" [47] because of the 120 golf courses located there, the record 4.2 million rounds played, and many miniature golf courses. 3.7 million total rounds of golf were played in 2007.[28] The majority of the area's golf courses are public. Some of the notable golf courses and/or resorts include:

  • Arcadian Shores Golf Club
  • Arrowhead Country Club
  • Barefoot Resort and Golf Club located in North Myrtle Beach
  • Burning Ridge Golf Course
  • Grande Dunes Golf Resort
  • Myrtle Beach National Golf Course
  • River Oaks Golf Plantation
  • Whispering Pines Golf Course

Media

Television

The Grand Strand and Florence, South Carolina share a common defined market by Nielsen Media Research in Horry, Marion, Dillon, Darlington, Marlboro, Scotland, Robeson, and Florence counties. The Myrtle Beach / Florence Market is the 103rd largest market in the USA as defined by Nielsen Media Research.

Radio

Myrtle Beach, along with The Grand Strand, makes up the 158th largest radio market in the United States.

Newspapers

The Sun News is the largest daily paper published along the Grand Strand, with a readership base extending from Georgetown, South Carolina to Sunset Beach, North Carolina. The paper has been in existence since the 1930s and was formerly published by Knight Ridder before that company was bought by The McClatchy Company.

There are by several weekly papers, including The Weekly Surge, the Myrtle Beach Herald, and the Horry Independent.

Sister cities

Myrtle Beach has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:

Notable residents and natives

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  2. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  3. Saldinger, Adva (2010-06-26). "Realtors put faith in coastal growth". The Sun News. http://www.thesunnews.com/2010/06/26/1554075/realtors-put-faith-in-coastal.html. Retrieved 2010-06-26. 
  4. "Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006 (CBSA-EST2006-02)" (CSV). 2006 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. 2007-04-05. http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/CBSA-EST2006-02.csv. Retrieved 2007-04-09. 
  5. http://www.cityofmyrtlebeach.com/
  6. http://ww2.coastal.edu/ben/other/IndianMounds.pdf
  7. Paul H. Voss: "Horry County, Mind the H!", page 61, paragraph 7, 1995
  8. Dr. A. Geff Bedford: "The Independent Republic, a Survey History of Horry County, South Carolina", page 36, paragraph 6, 2nd edition, 1989
  9. Catherine H. Lewis: "Horry County, Mind the H!", page 61, paragraph 8, 1995
  10. Dr. A. Geff Bedford: "The Independent Republic, a Survey History of Horry County, South Carolina", page 51, paragraph 2, 2nd edition, 1989
  11. Dr. A. Geff Bedford: "The Independent Republic, a Survey History of Horry County, South Carolina", page 58, paragraphs 1-3, 2nd edition, 1989.
  12. Dr. A. Geff Ballard: "The Independent Republic, a Survey History of Horry County, South Carolina", page 128, paragraphs 3, 2nd edition, 1989.
  13. Company History | Burroughs & Chapin Company, Inc
  14. 14.0 14.1 sky-way 2007.
  15. Myrtle Beach AFB
  16. METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
  17. MICROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
  18. COMBINED STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENT CORE BASED STATISTICAL AREAS, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
  19. Cathedral Bible College
  20. St. Andrew's Catholic School
  21. Christian Academy of Myrtle Beach
  22. Carolina Bays Academy
  23. Chabad Academy
  24. Calvary Christian School
  25. http://www.grandstrandmed.com/
  26. Carolina Southern
  27. http://carolinasouthernrailroad.com/sun_news_trains.pdf
  28. 28.0 28.1 http://www.myrtlebeachareachamber.com/research/data_and_statistics.html
  29. http://www.visitmyrtlebeach.com/Media/Fast_Facts.html
  30. Anderson, Lorena (2010-07-18). "Boardwalk buoys business for Myrtle Beach". The Sun News. http://www.thesunnews.com/2010/07/18/1591600/boardwalk-buoys-business-for-mb.html. Retrieved 2010-07-18. 
  31. Orcutt, April (June 2020), "America's Best Beach Boardwalks", Travel + Leisure, http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-best-beach-boardwalks/, retrieved 2010-08-27 
  32. The Carolina Opry, Good Vibrations, and The Carolina Opry Christmas Special
  33. Canadian-American Days
  34. http://www.myrtlebeach.com/blog/post/myrtle-beach-named-among-top-20-destinations-for-4th-of-july/
  35. 35.0 35.1 35.2 Gettleman, Jeffrey (May 21, 2003), "Suit Charges Bias at Rally for Black Bikers", The New York Times: A22, http://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/21/us/suit-charges-bias-at-rally-for-black-bikers.html?fta=y, retrieved 2010-01-31 
  36. 36.0 36.1 36.2 Gettleman, Jeffrey (May 25, 2003), "Claims of Bias Cloud an American Dream for Black Bikers", The New York Times: 122, http://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/25/us/claims-of-bias-cloud-an-american-dream-for-black-bikers.html?pagewanted=1, retrieved 2010-01-31 
  37. Conner, M. Shelly (Fall 2009), "First-Wave Feminist Struggles in Black Motorcycle Clubs", International Journal of Motorcycle Studies, http://ijms.nova.edu/Fall2009/IJMS_Artcl.Conner.html, retrieved 2010-01-30 
  38. Knight-Ridder/Tribune Business News (21 October 2004), "Myrtle Beach, S.C., resort hotel settles NAACP discrimination lawsuit", Sun News (Myrtle Beach, South Carolina) 
  39. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; The Crisis Publishing Co (2008), NAACP: celebrating a century : 100 years in pictures, Gibbs Smith, p. 410, ISBN 1423605276, http://books.google.com/books?id=vGOPa23uAYUC&pg=PA410 
  40. Kruea, Mark (February 2, 2006), NAACP Offers to Settle Lawsuit (press release), The City of Myrtle Beach, http://www.cityofmyrtlebeach.com/naacp.html, retrieved 2010-04-12 
  41. 41.0 41.1 Harley, Bryan (9 June 2010), "S.C. Court Overrules Myrtle Beach Helmet Law", MotorcycleUSA.com, http://www.motorcycle-usa.com/4/7177/Motorcycle-Article/S-C--Court-Overrules-Myrtle-Beach-Helmet-Law-.aspx, retrieved 2010-06-14 
  42. Anderson, Lorena (June 9, 2010), "Myrtle Beach helmet law quashed; High court backs state standard", Myrtle Beach Sun News, http://www.thesunnews.com/2010/06/09/1521080/mb-helmet-law-quashed.html?storylink=mirelated#ixzz0qrIO8v00, retrieved 2010-06-14 
  43. SC high court judge questions motives of MB helmet law, Columbia, South Carolina: WIS News 10 Television, 3 February 2010, http://www.wistv.com/Global/story.asp?S=11765299, retrieved 2010-02-04 
  44. Fogle, Adam (4 February 2010), SC Supreme Court hears Myrtle Beach helmet law cases, http://www.palmettoscoop.com/2010/02/04/sc-supreme-court-hears-myrtle-beach-helmet-law-cases/, retrieved 2010-02-04 
  45. Anderson, Lorena (4 February 2010), "High court hears Myrtle Beach helmet law cases; Justices grill attorneys, hold off on decisions", The Sun News, http://www.thesunnews.com/news/local/story/1296783.html, retrieved 2010-02-04 
  46. Tanger Outlets at Myrtle Beach
  47. Golf Capital Of The World

External links